Publicado en 1976,

Latinoamérica, las ciudades y las ideas se ha convertido en un clásico de la historiografía latinoamericana. Al final de su vida, José Luis Romero aprovechó su experiencia como historiador de las sociedades urbanas europeas para proponer una hipótesis sobre el devenir histórico latinoamericano.

Este libro reformula la tesis clásica de Sarmiento y la desarrolla con amplitud y complejidad: la historia latinoamericana, una y muchas a la vez, es el resultado de la tensión, el conflicto y la integración entre la ciudad y el campo. Sobre ese gran eje, reconstruye los diversos planos de la realidad: la economía, los grupos sociales, las formas de vida, la política y el poder, las mentalidades, las ideologías y la propia ciudad, soporte y actor a la vez. Grandes etapas signan este proceso plurisecular: el ciclo de las fundaciones, la ciudad hidalga de Indias, la ciudad criolla, la patricia, la burguesa y la ciudad de masas son las estaciones de esta historia. Utilizando con amplitud las fuentes literarias, José Luis Romero reconstruye el proceso de la sociedad bullente, animada y contradictoria, en un relato tan cautivante por su profundidad como por su originalidad.\"El título del libro de Romero es más que una descripción del tipo de relación que le interesa estudiar: 'las ciudades y las ideas' es un postulado que sostiene que la actividad reflexiva sobre la realidad que caracteriza la modernidad (es decir, la 'historia') nace y transcurre en las ciudades, y que es desde ellas desde donde se pensó y definió el continente americano, incluso cuando lo hizo contra ellas. En ese contexto, la ciudad ideológica, aquella emanación pura del intelectual y el poder, es apenas una etapa inicial, porque, para Romero, los proyectos intelectuales nunca logran sus fines cabalmente, y es su contaminación con la realidad lo que establece la dinámica de la historia

(Adrián Gorelik,

La ciudad latinoamericana).

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