Buch lesen: «Collins Gem»
Copyright
HarperCollins Publishers
Westerhill Road
Bishopbriggs
Glasgow G64 2QT
Fourth Edition 2016
© HarperCollins Publishers 1993, 2007, 2010, 2016
Source ISBN: 9780008135935
Ebook Edition © March 2016 ISBN: 9780008163495
Version: 2016-03-01
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank those authors and publishers who kindly gave permission for copyright material to be used in the Collins Corpus. We would also like to thank Times Newspapers Ltd for providing valuable data.
If you would like to comment on any aspect of this book, please contact us at the given address or online.
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Editor
Holly Tarbet
Contributors
Wendy Graça
Vanda Meneses Santos
David White
For the Publisher
Gerry Breslin
Janice McNeillie
Helen Newstead
Using your phrasebook
Whether you’re on holiday or on business, your Collins Gem Phrasebook and Dictionary is designed to help you locate the exact phrase you need, when you need it. You’ll also gain the confidence to go beyond what is in the book, as you can adapt the phrases by using the dictionary section to substitute your own words.
The Gem Phrasebook and Dictionary includes:
• Over 60 topics arranged thematically, so that you can easily find an expression to suit the situation
• Simple pronunciation which accompanies each word and phrase, to make sure you are understood when speaking aloud
• Tips to safeguard against any cultural faux pas, providing the essential dos and don’ts of local customs or etiquette
• A basic grammar section which will help you to build on your phrases
• FACE TO FACE dialogue sections to give you a flavour of what to expect from a real conversation
• A handy map of the country which shows the major cities and how to pronounce them
• YOU MAY HEAR sections for common announcements and messages, so that you don’t miss important information when out and about
• A user-friendly 3000 word dictionary to ensure you’ll never be stuck for something to say
• A short chapter of LIFELINE phrases for quick reference. These basic words and phrases will be essential to your time abroad
Before you jet off, it’s worth spending time looking through the topics to see what is covered and becoming familiar with pronunciation.
Contents
Copyright
Acknowledgements
Using your phrasebook
Pronouncing Portuguese
Top ten tips
Talking to people
Hello/goodbye, yes/no
Key phrases
Signs and notices
Polite expressions
Celebrations
Making friends
Work
Weather
Getting around
Asking the way
Bus and coach
Metro
Train
Taxi
Boat and ferry
Air travel
Customs control
Car hire
Driving
Breakdown
Car parts
Road signs
Staying somewhere
Hotel (booking)
Hotel desk
Camping
Self-catering
Shopping
Shopping phrases
Shops
Food (general)
Food (fruit and veg)
Clothes
Clothes (articles)
Maps and guides
Post office
Technology
Leisure
Sightseeing and tourist office
Entertainment
Nightlife
Out and about
Music
Sport
Communications
Telephone and mobile
Text messaging
Internet
Practicalities
Money
Paying
Luggage
Complaints
Problems
Emergencies
Health
Pharmacy
Doctor
Dentist
Eating out
Eating places
In a bar/café
Reading the menu
In a restaurant
Dietary requirements
Wines and spirits
Menu reader
Reference
Alphabet
Measurements and quantities
Numbers
Days and months
Time
Time phrases
Public holidays
Phonetic map
Grammar
Dictionary
| English – Portuguese | A – C |
| D – F | |
| G – I | |
| J – L | |
| M – O | |
| P – R | |
| S – U | |
| V – Z | |
| Portuguese – English | A – C |
| D – F | |
| G – I | |
| J – L | |
| M – O | |
| P – R | |
| S – U | |
| V – Z |
LIFELINE words and phrases
About the Publisher
Pronouncing Portuguese
Portuguese is much easier to read than to speak. However, the pronunciation guide used in this book gives as accurate a guide as possible to the sounds of the language. The syllable to be stressed is printed in bold. Note that in conversation words tend to run together.
Vowels (a, e, i, o, u)
| vowel | example | pronunciation | sounds like |
| a | saco | sah-koo | as in father |
| fama | fumuh | hum | |
| fica | feekuh | about | |
| e | terra | terr-uh | terror |
| enorme | eh-norm | ehenquire | |
| especial | eesh-pessyahl | happy | |
| de | duh | about | |
| i | fica | feekuh | police |
| médico | medeekoo | happy | |
| o | cobra | koh-bruh | all |
| homem | omayñ | au pair | |
| vaso | vah-zoo | boot | |
| u | luvas | loovush | boot |
Notes:
The article a sounds like uh (as in the), unless stressed, i.e. à (ah).
e can sound like ay, e.g. fecho (fayshoo), but tends to be silent at the end of words, e.g. pode (pod) unless stressed, e.g. bebé (be-be). The word e (meaning and) always sounds like ee.
The article o and the letter o at the end of words always sound like oo.
Vowel combinations
| ai | mais | mysh |
| ei | peixe | paysh |
| oi | coisa | koy-zuh |
| ou | outro | oh-troo |
Nasal vowels
Vowels with a tilde ~ or followed by m or n in the same syllable should be pronounced nasally (letting air out through the nose as well as the mouth), as in French. We have represented this sound in the pronunciation by ñ, e.g.
| tem = tayñ | com = koñ | um = ooñ |
| pão = powñ | manhã = mun-yañ | põe = poyñ |
Other letters
| example | pronunciation | sounds like | |
| ç | serviço | serveesoo | |
| ch | chá | shah | |
| g | gelo | zhay-loo | as in measure |
| h | always silent | ||
| j | loja | lozhuh | as in measure |
| Ih | mulher | mool-yehr | |
| nh | tenho | ten-yoo | |
| r/rr | always rolled; ‘r’ at beginning of word and double ‘rr’ are forceful and guttural (similar to French ‘r’) | ||
| s | (between vowels) coisa | koy-zuh | |
| (after vowel and at end of word) está lápis | shtalah-peesh | ||
| x | caixa | ky-shuh | |
| z | (at end of word) faz | fash |
Top ten tips
1 Use the formal form of address until you are asked to use the familiar form. Wait until you are invited to use first names.
2 There is no official religion, but the population predominantly identifies as Roman Catholic, this being stronger in the north than in the south.
3 It is a legal requirement in Portugal that everyone carries photographic proof of identity at all times.
4 Portuguese people are very proud of their culture, which is different from that of Spain!
5 To hire a car you often have to be at least 21, depending on the car hire company and on the vehicle. Often your driving licence must have been issued at least one year before, and if you are under 25 there may be an extra fee to pay.
6 Portuguese people have a sweet tooth; try some of their specialities such as Toucinho do Céu (heaven’s bacon) and Barriga de Freira (nun’s belly).
7 Most shopping centres are open 7 days a week from 10 a.m. to 11 p.m. or in some cases until midnight.
8 There are more than one thousand recipes to cook cod; one of the most famous is Bacalhau à Brás.
9 In restaurants, you have to ask for the bill; it’s considered impolite of the waiter to bring the bill if you haven’t asked for it.
10 Bars and restaurants tend to close on Sundays, except in busy areas such as Lisbon and the Algarve.
Talking to people
Hello/goodbye, yes/no
You will find that Portuguese people are quite formal and will appreciate it if you take the same approach to them as they take towards you.
| Please | Por favor/Faz favor poor fuh-vor/fash fuh-vor |
| Thank you | Obrigado(a) oh-breegah-doo(-duh) |
| Thanks very much | Muito obrigado(a)mweeñto oh-breegah-doo(-duh) |
| You’re welcome! | De nada! duh nah-duh! |
| Yes | Sim seeñ |
| No | Não nowñ |
| OK | Está bem shta bayñ |
| Sir/Mr | Senhor/Sr. sun-yor |
| Madam/Mrs/Ms | Senhora/Sra. sun-yoruh |
| Miss | Menina muh-neenuh |
| Hello/Hi | Olá oh-lah |
| Goodbye/Bye | Adeus aday-oosh |
| See you later | Até logouh-te logoo |
| See you tomorrow | Até amanhã uh-te amun-yañ |
| Good morning | Bom dia boñ dee-uh |
| Good afternoon/evening | Boa tarde boh-uh tard |
| Goodnight | Boa noite boh-uh noyt |
| Excuse me! (to catch attention) | Por favor! poor fuh-vor! |
| Sorry! | Desculpe! |
| dushkoolp! | |
| How are you? | Como está? koh-moo shta? |
| Fine, thanks | Bem, obrigado(a) bayñ, oh-breegah-doo(-duh) |
| And you? | E você? ee voh-say? |
| I don’t understand | Não compreendo nowñ koñpree-endoo |
| Do you speak English? | Fala inglês?fah-luh eeñglaysh? |
Key phrases
The easiest way to ask for something is by naming what you want and adding por favor (poor fuh-vor).
| the (masculine) | o/os oo/oosh |
| glass/glasses | o copo/os copos oo kopoo/oosh kopoosh |
| a/one glass | um copo ooñ kopoo |
| the (feminine) | a/as uh/ush |
| key/keys | a chave/as chaves uh shahv/ush shah-vush |
| a/one key | uma chaveoomuh shahv |
| my (masculine) | o meu oo mayoo |
| (feminine) | a minha uh meen-yuh |
| my glass | o meu copo oo mayoo kopoo |
| my key | a minha chave uh meen-yuh shahv |
| his/her/its/your | o seu/a sua oo sayoo/uh soo-uh |
| his/her/its/your glass | o seu copooo sayoo kopoo |
| his/her/its/your key | a sua chave uh soo-uh shahv |
| Do you have…? | Tem…? tayñ…? |
| Do you have a room? | Tem um quarto? tayñ ooñ kwartoo? |
| Do you have any milk? | Tem leite? tayñ layt? |
| Do you have stamps? | Tem selos? tayñ seloosh? |
| I’d like… | Queria…kree-uh… |
| I’d like an ice cream | Queria um geladokree-uh ooñ zhuh-lah-doo |
| I’d like to book a table | Queria reservar uma mesakree-uh ruh-zervar oomuh may-zuh |
| I’d like pasta | Queria massakree-uh massuh |
| We’d like… | Queríamos…kree-uhmoosh… |
| We’d like two cakes | Queríamos dois boloskree-uhmoosh doysh bohloosh |
| More… | Mais… mysh… |
| More bread | Mais pão mysh powñ |
| More water | Mais água mysh ahg-wuh |
| Another… | Outro(a)…oh-troo(truh)… |
| Another milky coffee | Outro galãooh-troo galowñ |
| Another lager | Outra cervejaoh-truh servay-zhuh |
| How much is it? | Quanto é?kwuñtoo e? |
| How much does it cost? | Quanto custa?kwuñtoo kooshtuh? |
| large | grande gruñd |
| small | pequeno puh-kaynoo |
| with | com koñ |
| without | sem sayñ |
| Where is…? | Onde é…?onduh e…? |
| Where are…? | Onde são/estão…?onduh sowñ/shtowñ…? |
| Where is the toilet? | Onde é a casa de banho?onduh e uh kah-zuh duh bun-yoo? |
| Where are the children? | Onde estão as crianças?onduh shtowñ ush kree-uñsush? |
| How do I get…? | Como se vai…?koh-moo suh vy…? |
| to the station | para a estaçãoparuh a shtuh-sowñ |
| to the centre | ao centro ow sentroo |
| There is/are… | Há… a… |
| There isn’t/aren’t any… | Não há… nowñ a… |
| When…? | Quando…?kwuñdoo…? |
| At what time is…? | A que horas é…? uh kee oruhsh e…? |
| today | hoje ohzh |
| tomorrow | amanhã amun-yañ |
| Can I…? | Posso…?possoo…? |
| Can I smoke? | Posso fumar?possoo foomar? |
| Can I pay? | Posso pagar?possoo puh-gar? |
| How does this work? | Como funciona?koh-moo foonss-yonuh? |
| What does this mean? | Que quer dizer isto? kuh kayr deezehr eeshtoo? |
Signs and notices
| homens | gentlemen |
| senhoras | ladies |
| aberto | open |
| fechado | closed |
| água para beber/água potável | drinking water |
| primeiros socorros | first aid |
| cheio/lotado | full |
| liquidação total | closing-down sale |
| caixa | cash desk |
| empurre | push |
| puxe | pull |
| lavabos/sanitários | toilets |
| livre | vacant/free |
| ocupado | engaged/occupied |
| não funciona | out of order |
| avariado | out of order |
| para alugar | for hire/rent |
| para venda | for sale |
| saldos | sales |
| cave | basement |
| rés do chão | ground floor |
| entrada | entrance |
| bilheteira | ticket office |
| equitação | horse riding |
| vagas/vago | vacancies/vacant |
| banheiro | lifeguard (beach) |
| casas de banho | bathrooms |
| degustação | tasting |
| pagar na caixa | pay at cash desk |
| depósito de bagagens | left luggage |
| quente | hot |
| proibido | forbidden/no… |
| não mexer/não tocar | do not touch |
| completo | no vacancies |
| vestiários | changing rooms |
| impedido | engaged |
| descontos | reductions |
| informações | information |
| perigo | danger |
| fumadores | smoking |
Polite expressions
There are three forms of address in Portuguese: formal (o senhor/a senhora), semi-formal (você – for both sexes) and informal (tu – for both sexes). Always stick to the formal when addressing older people, or the semi-formal for people of your own age and status, until you are invited to use the informal tu.
| The meal was delicious | A refeição estava deliciosa uh ruhfay-sowñ shtahvuh duhlees-yohzuh |
| Thank you very much | Muito obrigado(a)mweeñtoo oh-breegah-doo(-duh) |
| This is a gift for you | Isto é um presente para si eeshtoo e ooñ pruh-zeñt paruh see |
| Pleased to meet you | Muito prazer mweeñtoo pruh-zehr |
| This is my husband | Este é o meu marido esht e oo mayoo muhreedoo |
| This is my wife | Esta é a minha mulher eshtuh e uh meen-yuh mool-yehr |
| Enjoy your holiday! | Boas férias! boh-ush fehr-yush! |
Celebrations
| Merry Christmas! | Bom Natal! boñ nuh-tahl! |
| Happy New Year! | Feliz Ano Novo! fuh-leesh ah-noo noh-voo! |
| Happy birthday! | Feliz aniversário! fuh-leesh aneever-sar-yoo! |
| Have a good trip! | Muito boa viagem! mweeñtoo boh-uh vee-ah-zhayñ! |
Making friends
In this section we have used the familiar form tu for the questions. Tu is widely used between young people soon after being introduced, and between close friends and relatives of any age.
FACE TO FACE
Como te chamas?
koh-moo tuh shah-mush?
What’s your name?
Chamo-me…
shah-moo-muh…
My name is…
De onde és?
duh oñduh esh?
Where are you from?
Sou inglês/inglesa
soh eeñglaysh/eeñglayzuh
I’m English (masc./fem.)
Muito prazer
mweeñto pruh-zehr
Pleased to meet you
| How old are you? | Quantos anos tens? kwuñtoosh ah-noosh tayñsh? |
| I’m … years old | Tenho … anosten-yoo … ah-noosh |
| Where do you live? | Onde vives?oñduh veevush? |
| Where do you live? (plural) | Onde vivem?oñduh veevayñ? |
| I live in London | Vivo em Londresvee-voo ayñ loñdrush |
| I’m still studying | Sou estudante soh shtooduñt |
| I work | Trabalho truh-bahl-yoo |
| I’m retired | Sou reformado(a) soh refoormah-doo(uh) |
| I’m… | Sou… soh… |
| England/English | Inglaterra/inglês (inglesa) eeñ-gluh-terr-uh/eeñglaysh (eeñglayzuh) |
| Scotland/Scottish | Escócia/escocês (escocesa) eesh-koss-yuh/eesh-kosaysh (eesh-kosay-zuh) |
| Wales/Welsh | Gales/galês (galesa)galeesh/galaysh (galayzuh) |
| Ireland/Irish | Irlanda/irlandês (irlandesa) eerluñduh/eerluñdaysh (eerluñday-zuh) |
| USA/American | América/americano(a) uhmehreekuh/uhmehreekuhnoo (uh) |
| Australia/Australian | Austrália/australiano(a) owstrahleeya/owstrahleeyahnoo(uh) |
| single | solteiro(a) soltay-roo(uh) |
| married | casado(a) kazah-doo(uh) |
| divorced | divorciado(a) deevoors-yah-doo(uh) |
| I have… | Tenho…ten-yoo… |
| a boyfriend | namorado nuh-moo-rah-doo |
| a girlfriend | namorada nuh-moo-rah-duh |
| a partner | companheiro(a) koñpun-yay-roo(uh) |
| I have … children | Tenho … filhos ten-yoo … feel-yoosh |
| I have no children | Não tenho filhos nowñ ten-yoo feel-yoosh |
| I’m here… | Estou aqui… shtoh uh-kee… |
| on holiday | de férias duh fehr-yush |
| for work | por motivo de trabalho poor mootee-voo duh truh-bahl-yoo |
Work
| What work do you do? | Em que trabalhas? ayñ kuh truh-bahl-yuhsh? |
| I’m… | Sou… soh… |
| a doctor | médico(a) medeekoo(uh) |
| a teacher | professor(a) proofuh-sor(uh) |
| I work in… | Trabalho em… truh-bahl-yoo ayñ… |
| a shop | numa loja oomuh lozhuh |
| a factory | numa fábrica oomuh fahbreekuh |
| a bank | num banco ooñ buñkoo |
| I’m self- employed | Trabalho por conta própria truh-bahl-yoo poor koñ-tuh propree-uh |
Weather
| aguaceiros ugwuh-sayroosh | showers |
| limpo leeñpoo | clear |
| a chuva uh shoovuh | rain |
| nublado nooblah-doo | cloudy |
| It’s sunny | Faz sol fash sol |
| It’s raining | Está a chover shta uh shoovehr |
| It’s windy | Está vento shta veñtoo |
| What a lovely day! | Que lindo dia! kuh leeñdoo dee-uh! |
| What awful weather! | Que mau tempo! kuh mow teñpoo! |
| It’s very hot/cold | Está muito calor/frio shta mweeñto kalor/free-oo |
| What is the temperature? | Qual é a temperatura? kwal e uh teñpratooruh? |
Getting around
Asking the way
| em frente ayñ freñt | opposite |
| ao lado de ow lah-doo duh | next to |
| perto de pehrtoo duh | near to |
| o semáforo oo suh-mafooroo | traffic lights |
| na esquina nuh shkeenuh | at the corner |
FACE TO FACE
Por favor, senhor/senhora! Como se vai à estação?
poor fuh-vor, sun-yor/sun-yoruh! koh-moo suh vy a shtuh-sowñ?
Excuse me, sir/madam! How do I/we get to the station?
Siga em frente até a igreja e depois vire à esquerda/direita
see-guh ayñ freñt uh-te uh ee-grehzhuh ee duh-
poysh veeree a eesh-kerduh/dee-raytuh
Keep straight on up to the church and then turn left/right
É longe?
e loñzh?
Is it far?
Não, duzentos metros/cinco minutos
nowñ, doo-zeñtoosh metroosh/seeñkoo mee-nootoosh
No, 200 metres/5 minutes
Obrigado(a)!
oh-breegah-doo(-duh)!
Thanks!
| We’re lost | Estamos perdidos shtah-moosh perdee-doosh |
| Is this the right way to…? | É este o caminho para…? e esht oo kuh-meen-yoo paruh…? |
| Can you show me where it is on the map? | Pode-me mostrar no mapa? pod-muh moosh-trar noo mah-puh? |
| YOU MAY HEAR… | |
| Depois de passar a ponte depoysh duh puh-sar uh poñt | After passing the bridge |
| lá lah | over there |
| ali/aqui alee/uh-kee | there/here |
Bus and coach
FACE TO FACE
Por favor, senhor/senhora! Que autocarro vai ao centro da cidade?
poor fuh-vor, sun-yor/sun-yoruh! kuh owtoo-karroo vy ow señtroo duh seedahd? Excuse me, sir/madam! Which bus goes to the city centre?
Número 15
noomeroo keeñzuh
Number 15
Onde apanho o autocarro?
oñduh uh-pahn-yoo oo owtoo-karroo?
Where do I catch the bus?
Ali, em frente da farmácia
alee, ayñ freñt duh farmass-yuh
There, in front of the pharmacy
| Is there a bus to…? | Há autocarro para…? a owtoo-karroo paruh…? |
| to the centre | para o centro paruh oo señtroo |
| to the beach | para a praia paruh uh pry-uh |
| A child’s ticket | Um bilhete para criança ooñ beel-yet paruh kree-uñsuh |
| When is the first/the last bus to…? | A que horas é o primeiro/o último autocarro para…? uh kee oruz e oo preemay-roo/oo oolteemoo owtoo-karroo paruh…? |
| Please tell me when to get off | Pode-me dizer quando devo sair? pod-muh deezehr kwuñdoo deh-voo sah-eer? |
| coach | a camioneta kuh-mee-oh nehtuh |
| shuttle bus | o autocarro shuttle owtoo-karroo shuttle |
| YOU MAY HEAR… | |
| Este autocarro não para em… aysht owtoo-karroo nowñ pah-ruh ayñ… | This bus doesn’t stop in… |
| Tem que apanhar o… tayñ kuh apun-yar oo… | You must catch the… |
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